At the other end of the continuum, Infowar is generally state-sponsored, but need not be. Intelligence Preparation of the Battlefield, or IPB, and cyberespionage is also generally state-sponsored, but again, need not be. Terrorism generally threatens death or physical violence for political reasons. Some are arguing that cyberterrorism should not be limited to death or physical violence but should also include destruction or disruption of services. In either event, historically, cyberterrorism has been motivated by a political goal. It is important to note that defense of DoD networks is not dependent upon a finding that the attack is state sponsored. These are not discrete categories. What may constitute acts of information warfare, IPB, cyberterrorism and cyberespionage may also all be cybercrimes.
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